In the simplest form, data transfer can take place between two devices which are directly connected by some form of communication medium. But it is not practical for two devices to be directly point to point connected. This is due to the following reasons:
- The devices are very far apart.
- There is a set of devices, each of whom may require connecting to others at various times.
Solution to this problem is to connect each device to a communication network. Computer Networks means interconnected set of autonomous systems that permit distributed processing of information.
In order to meet the needs of various applications, networks are available with different interconnection layouts and plans, methods of access, protocols and DATA carrying capacities. Networks can be classified on the basis of geographical coverage into the following three networks.
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